Basic knowlegde of Ceramic Pigments

Generally speaking, Ceramic pigments consist of some combination of salts, metallic oxides, alumina, silica and natural clays. These different materials each convey different colors to the final pigment. A combination of zinc, chromite, cobalt and alumina, for instance, produces a blue-green pigment, with the ratio of chrome to cobalt allowing for a bluer or greener result. These mixtures exhibit more stability than oxides, natural coloring agents that can react with one another or with the heat of the kiln to spoil the intended result. An alcohol base serves as a solvent to keep the pigments from oxidizing.

The color pigment is made of the multi-purpose ceramic powder,Widely used in construction coating and glazed ceramic productsStable quality, Wide selection of colors. Pigments includes a mix of coloring and stabilizing agents such as metallic oxides, salts and other minerals.Ceramic objects fashioned from clay, glazed and fired in a kiln can take on a variety of colors through the addition of pigments.You can brush a ceramic pigment onto a completed pot or other object, or you can mix it directly into the clay or glaze. To ensure safety and achieve the desired results, you should always read the manufacturers' labels and note any temperature requirements or toxic ingredients.

Solution for plastic bag

• The solution is not a plastic bag ban, which is an emotional response which fails to strike at the heart of the issue; instead of a market-based solution, a ban shifts production to paper bags and compostable bags, both of which have heavy environmental consequences.
• The solution is not switching to paper bags or compostable plastic bags. A study on the life cycle of three types of disposable bags (single-use plastic, paper, and compostable plastic) showed that both compostable plastic and paper bags require more material per bag in the manufacturing process. This means "higher consumption of raw materials in the manufacture of the bags... greater energy in bag manufacturing and greater fuel use in the transport of the finished product. ...The added requirements of manufacturing energy and transport for the compostable and paper bag systems far exceed the raw material use in the standard plastic bag system." (from a peer reviewed Boustead Consulting & Associates report)

     - Plastic Tax: In 2001, Ireland implemented a plastic tax (or PlasTax); the first of its kind, this route acknowledges the fact that people will still occasionallyuse plastic bags. This market-based     solution discourages daily, thoughtless use of plastic bags by charging a nominal fee per bag at checkout. In a study by the Irish Department of the Environment it was found that plastic bag usage had dropped 93.5%. This breaks down to a drop from 328 to 21 bags per person each year.
     - A cultural shift away from use-and-toss culture: Each reusable bag can eliminate hundreds (if not thousands) of plastic bags.

What is Heat Shrinkable Sleeves?

Heat shrink tubing, also known as heat shrinkable protective sleeve, providing insulation for wires, cables and wire terminals. Has low shrinkage, soft flame retardant, insulation corrosion, etc., are widely used in a variety of wire harnesses, solder joints, inductance insulation and metal pipes, rods rust, corrosion, etc.

Flame retardant heat shrinkable tube, insulation, heat resistance, heat shrink tubing is a special polyolefin heat shrinkable sleeve material, but also called EVA material.
It has a soft and flexible. Heat (125 degrees) will shrink, widely used in a variety of wiring harness, solder joints, inductor insulation, metal pipes, rods rust and corrosion.
Commonly used in wire connectors, choose the appropriate heat shrink tubing, set on wire connectors, heated with a heat gun, heat shrink tubing shrink, put the joints stuck.

The influence factors of non woven geotextile demand

All factors affecting the artificial fiber growth can be more or less cause certain influence on artificial fiber as raw material for textiles, which impact on largest non woven geotextiles.

 

Population growth factors to influence than other non-woven fabric for clothing textiles are small. But if we take into account the important application of non-woven fabric in baby diapers in population growth, it is also an important factor. Natural fiber was partially replaced great effect on textiles, but has little effect on the non-woven fabrics, non-woven production because basically relies on artificial fiber. Since the establishment of the international economic treaties, making micro fiber, composite fiber, biodegradable fiber and new polyester fiber trade gain.

 

This is a great effects on the non woven geotextile, but the influence on clothing and knitwear textile little. Instead of textiles and other products: This includes being non woven geotextile, knitted textiles, plastic film, polyurea foam, wood pulp, leather and other substituted.

What are the benefits of non-woven fabric awning installed

Non-woven fabric awning installation benefits

There are many options now awning electric awning , retractable awnings , parasols , watermelon Peng, Peng fixed . Non-woven fabrics are , here to see what they have advantages:

        First, the good energy saving effect. Currently widely adopted interior shade is a valid way of shade , UV glass shines through the blinds , turn the fabric or metal curtain into a heat source , the actual heat has entered the room . Inside sunshade can block heat, strong ultraviolet rays for the first time in the outdoors, insulation and installation of energy-saving effect of the glass curtain inside different results .

 

        Second, the excellent economic results. Shading techniques using small investment , the effect is obvious.

 

        Third , artistic . By selecting the external awning material improvements and colors, building facades also are becoming rich layers , beautiful appearance. It can be said , shading techniques are architectural features and architectural form highly uniform .

 

 Little knowledge shade

 

Building exterior shading forms: window ; roof ; wall ; greening .

 

Fabric advantages:

       1 passed the indoor heat from 60 % to 30%

 

      2 twill ease of indoor natural lighting glare ( openings , daylight factor is consistent , uniform illumination , soft light. )

 

      3 . Introduce moderate natural light , to reach a comfortable visual environment .

 

      4 . The most primitive protection of privacy.

 

      5 high permeability , easy viewing.

 

      6 . Reduce air conditioning load of more than 60 %.

 

Woven exterior shading devices overall advantages : 1 energy-saving insulation , two indoor lighting to improve the softness , the three tenants to protect the secrecy and security.

 

Fabric orientation options:

              West - 1% , 3% or curtain fabric transparent trial - to avoid glare

 

              North - 10% colored fabric or curtain

 

Fixed : cornice ; sun visors ; fixed blinds and so on. Advantages: cheap ; Disadvantages: not flexible.

 

Electric : Electric blinds ; electric fabric ; electric flap and so on.

Advantages : less shading coefficient of less than aluminum metal can . Disadvantages: high prices.

 

Components: curtain + drive + skeleton

 

Window shade forms: fixed ( horizontal, vertical , bezel ) Cons: lighting, ventilation , heating in winter , vision and other inconveniences ; activities ( roller blinds, venetian activities , non-woven awning, veil ) Advantages: each shutter to use window blinds to adjust the angle of light and ventilation activities , see the veil block radiation regulate the amount of light entering ; center ( double glazing ) ;

Mainly Introduction of the Honeycomb Core Application and Making

Aerospace, yacht and motor racing designers use the phrase ‘Build lightness into your design’. Our honeycomb sandwich enables a designer to do just that. The honeycomb form provides stiffness, strength and light weight, whilst still offering a degree of flexibility. The technical terms for this are ‘high out-of-plane shear strength’ and ‘high out-of-plane compression properties’ in relation to other design options.

Besides aerospace, yacht, ship and motor sport, the outstanding performance that this structural design offers is used wherever there lightweight but strong bulkheads, doors and partitions are needed. Low cost, low weight interior doors are made from a simple wooden frame, cardboard honeycomb and wood veneers.

In the trucking industry, using honeycomb material in a 53’ trailer can reduce its weight by almost 1.5 tons, saving over 1% in fuel costs.

Metal honeycomb offers safety features too. Explosion-proof fuel tanks have used metal honeycomb.

The first recorded use for industrial honeycomb in a sandwich structure was in 1915 by Hugo Junkers who founded the German airplane company of that name. In 1938 an adhesive with the right viscosity to form resin fillets on the honeycomb core was patented. This led the way to modern sandwich panel designs.

When you look at honeycomb core  , it looks as if it might be difficult to fabricate, but there are three main methods in use today: expansion, corrugation and molding. The three materials most commonly used are thermoplastics, paper/aramid and a variety of metals including aluminium, stainless steel and even titanium.

Molding is probably the simplest to envision (and make at home), best suited to thermoplastics. Thermoplastics can also be extruded as pipes and sliced, and the latest technique offers continuous extrusion and bonding to a sheet – co-extrusion.

Expansion is simple too. Sheets of the material are laid down with lines of adhesive between them. When the adhesive has cured, the block  (known as HOBE – honeycomb before extraction) is sliced and the sheets are pulled apart, resulting in the honeycomb. Think of an expanding paper chain – that’s the basic principle. Instead of lines of adhesive, welds can be used for metals sheets.

General Dynamics has announced an external airplane fuel tank design which uses a honeycomb coremade of urethane foam-filled aramid and an all composite shell. This all-composite construction delivers the structural stiffness needed for aircraft carrier survivability requirements and will replace the metal honeycomb tanks which came into use following a disastrous fire on the USS Forrestal.

What are the characteristics of landscape fabric？

Landscape fabric features: 

1 The landscape fabric materials placed outside the natural decomposition, the longest life span of only 90 days, placed indoors in eight years decomposition, combustion of non-toxic, tasteless, and without any remaining material, so as not to pollute the environment, so the environment resulting. . 

2 is a new generation of environmentally friendly non-woven material, has good strength, breathable waterproof, environmentally friendly, flexible, non-toxic and tasteless, and the advantages of cheap. 

    It is a new generation of environmentally friendly materials, with water repellent, breathable, flexible, non-combustion, non-toxic and non-irritating, rich colors and other characteristics. 

3. Landscape non-woven products, rich colors, bright and crisp, stylish green, versatile, elegant, patterns and styles are diverse, and the lightweight, environmentally friendly, recyclable, is internationally recognized as the Earth's ecological environmental protection products. 

4 windproof insulation moisture, permeable vapor permeability, ease of construction maintenance, beautiful and practical, can be reused.

Ceiling Honeycomb Panels Installation

1, Honeycomb Panels Material Requirements

Materials used must meet the design requirements, and have the corresponding certificate and inspection reports, materials must be accepted by the supervising engineer into the plant before use.

2, Process

 Measuring cable → Install boom → Install L30 * 2 boom galvanized base angle keel → Install honeycomb panels dedicated accessaries → Install honeycomb panels→ Finishes cleaning → inspection and acceptance.

3, Construction Points

(1) Measurement Pull: According to drawings, use measuring instruments measure finecorrect data in the steel roof of the main keel cable construction. First, pull to find out the center of the construction segment (measuring instruments retest), in order to determine the center point construction section keel sub-file line of position, according to the sub-file line of position determining boom installation location.
(2) Fixed boom: according to the marked position by boom, install pre-processed all wire boom on the keel screw of the steel roof, boom pitch control ≤ 1200mm, if fixed by welding, it should be brushed antirust paint.
(3) Installation L30 * 2 galvanized base angle keel: According to the design of professional decoration construction plans, honeycomb panel size is 1200 * 2500mm, in order to ensure the installation of honeycomb panels, galvanized angle steel keel shall cellular base plate board surface by vertical mounting in length direction, fit the width direction of the plate surface, the keel spacing is not more than 1200; from the end plate is not more than 300.
(4) Installation honeycomb panels’ dedicated connection accessories and honeycomb panels  : L-type keel is installed firstly, then install honeycomb panels. L-shaped galvanized base connected with honeycomb panels using special Z-shaped keel aluminum hooks yards, then fixed with M5 bolts. Between honeycomb panels plate using a dedicated connector connection plate to prevent from the profiles along the slide plate, left and right mounting nonslipping connector block fixed firmly, the connecting member of the number and location of the corresponding hook in the longitudinal direction. Between honeycomb panels and aluminum tabs use the 25 * 25 * 100 special aluminum alloy to shut.

what is Sodium bromide?

Sodium bromide is a white crystalline or powder. Salty or bitter microstrip. Absorb moisture from the air, but not agglomerated deliquescence. Soluble in water. Low toxicity, irritation. For the determination of trace cadmium in analytical chemistry, photogravure, pharmaceuticals. Physical and chemical properties of colorless cubic crystals or white granular powder. Odorless, alkali and bitter. The relative density of 3.203 (25 ℃). Melting point 747 ℃. Hygroscopic in the air. Soluble in water (solubility 100 ℃ when 121g/100ml water) solution was neutral. Slightly soluble in alcohol. 51 ℃ when anhydrous sodium bromide solution precipitated crystals below 51 ℃ generated dihydrate. The bromide ion can be replaced by chlorine.

For photographic film, medical (sedatives), pesticides, perfumes, dyes and other industrial.

This product is mainly preparation method: 

① direct role in the generation of iron and bromine bromide and sodium carbonate, ferrous and then get azeotropic. Byproducts are basic ferrous carbonate, ferrous and after boiling becomes high colloidal iron compounds, filtering slow. To avoid this drawback, preferably two bromine was added, the resulting primarily iron oxides, and thus the filter is very easy to wash, and the reaction is as follows: 

Fe + Br2 → FeBr2 

FeBr2 + Br2 → FeBr2 · FeBr3 

FeBr2 · FeBr3 + Na2CO3 → NaBr + FeO · Fe2O3 + CO2 

② a slight excess of bromine to direct the hot solution was added saturated sodium bicarbonate, to form a mixture of bromide and bromate: 

3Br2 +6 NaOH = 5NaBr + NaBrO3 +3 H2O 

At this time the mixture was evaporated to dryness, the solid residue obtained mixture was heated with carbon, the reduction of bromate bromide: 

NaBrO3 +3 C = NaBr +3 CO ↑ 

Finally, dissolved in water, then filtered crystallization, drying at 110-130 ° C to obtain. 

This method is a general method for preparing bromide bromine, general industrial use.

Why a Fabric Building is better?

from http://www.greatsheltercn.com

 Fabric building are an excellent alternative to conventional buildings for many reasons and have become a preferred solution in the building marketplace. 

Clear-Span Design

The absence of internal pillars or posts allows for maximum use of space. The high ceilings allow you ample clearance for moving or storing large equipment.

Naturally Bright for Lower Operating Costs

The translucent fabric cover plus the reflection from the white interior of the fabric increases the natural light within the building. This can reduce or eliminate the need for artificial lighting during daylight hours. A steel or wood building could cost thousands of dollars each year in additional lighting costs.

Easily Relocated

Fabric buildings are designed to be permanent, but can be quickly disassembled and relocated with minimal impact on the environment when compared to steel or wood structures.

Quick to Install

Fabric buildings typically require less lead and construction time than conventional construction, getting you up and running faster.

What is the nonwoven fabric component ?

Nonwovens fabric from http://www.jcppfabric.com/

Nonwovens  fabric, is directed or random fibers constitute a new generation of environmentally friendly materials , with moisture , breathable , flexible, lightweight , non-combustion , easily biodegradable, non-toxic non -irritating, colorful , inexpensive, can be recycling and so on. Such as multi-use polypropylene (pp material ) pellets as raw materials, high temperature melting, spinning , shop classes, hot coiling continuous one-step from production. Has the appearance and performance by some cloth called cloth .

. Spinning polypropylene thermally bonded together directly paved network , product strength is better than the average staple products , the strength of non-directional , vertical and horizontal strength similar. 8 , the environment, the majority of non-woven materials currently used is polypropylene, polyethylene and plastic raw materials , although the names of the two substances are similar, but are very different in chemical structure . The molecular structure of polyethylene having a very strong chemical stability , degradation is extremely difficult , so the decomposition of the plastic bag 300 years to complete ; the chemical structure of polypropylene is not solid, the molecular chains can easily be broken , which can effectively degrade , and the next step in the form of a non-toxic environment in circulation , a non-woven shopping bags in 90 days can be completely decomposed. And woven shopping bags can be reused more than 10 times the pollution of the environment after the waste is also only 10% of plastic bags

Non-woven fiber production is mainly polypropylene (PP), polyester (PET). In addition, polyamide (PA), viscose , acrylic , Polyethylene (HDPE), polyvinyl chloride (PVC). According to application requirements , woven into a one-time application-oriented and durable two categories.

Currently, non-woven rayon still dominate production , and by 2007 , this situation will not change much . Fiber used worldwide in the production of non-woven polypropylene , 63% , 23% polyester , 8% viscose, 2% acrylic fibers , polyamide 1.5% , and the remaining 3% for other fibers.